In the aftermath of a terrible flood, one of the last things many of us think about is the quality of the air around us. However, if we don't use the proper tools or follow the right procedures for effectively cleaning up after a flood, we may find ourselves exposed to microorganisms or other conditions that could adversely affect our health, especially in the long term.
Drinking water quality is frequently compromised during extensive flooding. If your drinking water is of questionable quality, be sure to boil it or distill it before using. Wells which have become contaminated with floodwaters should be pumped out, and the water should be tested for bacteria before drinking.
Experts from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) advise homeowners to use caution when re-entering their homes and to do so only after floodwaters have receded. They recommend that you visually inspect your home for the following damage, which may make it unsafe to enter:
Standing water is a perfect breeding ground for many microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and molds. They can cause disease or trigger allergic reactions in many individuals. Problems with infectious diseases can also occur if the floodwaters contain or have been contaminated with sewage. In addition, the longer the building materials stand in contact with water, the more structural damage that can potentially occur. Therefore, it is important to remove all standing water from the home as quickly as possible after a flood.
Keep in mind that flooded basements should be pumped out at the rate of one-third of the water per day to reduce the potential for structural damage.
Always dispose of any food that has come into direct contact with floodwaters. Although a few agencies will advise that some canned foods may be salvageable, if they appear dented or damaged, don't take chances - throw them away.
Attempting to dry out the contents of your home can take several weeks, and as long as the humidity remains high, microorganisms may continue to grow. If the house and its contents are not properly dried out, you may have problems with musty odors. Although it may be difficult to throw certain items away, especially those with sentimental value, experts recommend that if you can't clean it, you should dispose of it, especially if it has come into contact with water that may contain sewage.
Once you have cleared the standing water and removed the wet materials for further cleaning or disposal, you can begin the cleanup of the building itself. Walls, floors, doors, closets, and shelves should all be thoroughly washed and disinfected. Many common household cleaners and disinfectants can be used for this process. In addition, if your ductwork has also been in contact with floodwaters, FEMA recommends that you also disinfectant and sanitize them as well.
Keep in mind that many household cleaning products contain substances that can either irritate some individuals or actually be toxic if used improperly. Make sure to always read and follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully. You can provide fresh air by opening windows and doors.
The following organizations can provide consumers with assistance and pamphlets detailing recommended procedures for cleaning up after a flood:
